Email this article HUBUNGAN KOMPOSISI DAN KELIMPAHAN PERIFITON DENGAN KUALITAS AIR DI SUNGAI DAN DANAU OXBOW DI PALANGKA RAYA PADA KONDISI AIR DANGKAL
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Danau oxbow di Kalimantan Tengah merupakan salah satu danau paparan banjir yang ada di Indonesia, kondisi ekologis dari danau ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh tinggi muka airnya. Secara umum perairan danau ini dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lahan yang mayoritas berupa lahan gambut yang memiliki kecenderungan bersifat asam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas perairan danau oxbow terhadap distribusi dan kelimpahan perifitonnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Agustus 2015 pada danau-danau oxbow DAS Sebangau, Kahayan dan Katingan. Perifiton diambil dengan mengerik permukaan batu atau kayu yang terendam dengan luas permukaan 16 cm2 diulang 3 (tiga) kali dikomposit. Hasil identifikasi dari stasiun sampling di DAS Sebangau diperoleh 57 jenis terdiri dari 51% kelas Bacilariophyta (29 jenis), kelas Chlorophyta 30% (17 jenis), Cyanophyta 12 % (7 Jenis), Dynophyta 2% (1 jenis), Rhodophyta 2% (1 Jenis) dan Xanthophyta 4 % (2 jenis). Hasil perhitungan diperoleh indeks keanekaragaman sebesar 2,653 (sedang); indek keseragaman 0,681 (sedang) dan indeks dominansi 0,106 (kecil). Sedangkan dari DAS Kahayan diperoleh hasil identifikasi perifiton 64 jenis terdiri dari kelas Bacilariophyta 55% (35 jenis), kelas Chlorophyta 28% (18 jenis), Chrysophyta 2% (1 jenis), Cyanophyta 11 % (7 Jenis), Dynophyta 2% (1 jenis), Rhodophyta 2% (1 Jenis) dan Xanthophyta 2 % (1 jenis). Hasil perhitungan diperoleh indeks keanekaragaman sebesar 2,852 (sedang); indek keseragaman 0,626 (sedang) dan indeks dominansi 0,085 (kecil). Sementara hasil identifikasi dari DAS Katingan diperoleh 71 jenis terdiri dari kelas Bacilariophyta 49% (35 jenis), kelas Chlorophyta 32% (23 jenis), Cyanophyta 13 % (9 Jenis), Dynophyta 1% (1 jenis), Rhodophyta 1% (1 Jenis) dan Xanthophyta 3 % (2 jenis) dengan indeks keanekaragaman sebesar 2,596 (sedang); indek keseragaman 0,582 (sedang) dan indeks dominansi 0,128 (kecil).
Kata kunci: Kualitas air, komposisi, kelimpahan, perifiton, dan Danau Oxbow.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/limnotek.v26i1.192
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