Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb), Kadmium (Cd), dan Merkuri (Hg) di dalam Tubuh Ikan Wader (Barbodes binotatus) dan Air Sungai Cikaniki, Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

The Contents of Heavy Metals Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), and Mercury (Hg) in the Spotted Barbs(Barbodes binotatus) bodies and Cikaniki River Water, Bogor Regency. The Cikaniki River has experienced a decrease in water quality caused by human activities, both extractive and non-extractive, which can potentially cause pollution. Such activities that can pose a pollution threat include Unlicensed Gold Mining (PETI) and the mining industry of PT Antam, which is located in the vicinity of the Cikaniki River. Heavy metal pollutants in the waters of the Cikaniki River consist of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). Heavy metals that enter water bodies can also accumulate in fish bodies. This study aims to determine the heavy metal contents of lead, cadmium, and mercury in the water of the Cikaniki River and the bodies of Spotted Barbs (Barbodes binotatus) inhabiting the river. The samplings were carried out using the purposive sampling method at five stations representing upstream and downstream watersheds, gold industrial areas, illegal mining areas, and irrigation areas. The study was conducted for three months, from January to March 2020. Tests for heavy metal levels in the water and fish bodies were conducted using ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry). The results showed that the contents of heavy metals Pb and Hg in the water were still below the threshold values of the quality standard according to the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22 of 2021 Appendix VI, while the Cd content in the Cikaniki River water was below 0.02 mg/L. The cadmium content in the fish was below 0.4 mg/kg, while the contents of mercury and lead in the fish have exceeded the threshold values of the 1989 WHO quality standard. The highest accumulation of heavy metals in the fish was found in gold mining areas. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the most influential environmental parameter on the contents of heavy metals in the water and fish bodies was the water temperature. The presence of heavy metals in the water and fish of the Cikaniki River should be monitored as they accumulate in the human bodies.